Results for 'T. L. Duncan'

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  1. Information Loss as a Foundational Principle for the Second Law of Thermodynamics.T. L. Duncan & J. S. Semura - 2007 - Foundations of Physics 37 (12):1767-1773.
    In a previous paper (Duncan, T.L., Semura, J.S. in Entropy 6:21, 2004) we considered the question, “What underlying property of nature is responsible for the second law?” A simple answer can be stated in terms of information: The fundamental loss of information gives rise to the second law. This line of thinking highlights the existence of two independent but coupled sets of laws: Information dynamics and energy dynamics. The distinction helps shed light on certain foundational questions in statistical mechanics. (...)
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  2.  18
    Idealism and revolution: T.H. Green's Four Lectures on the English Commonwealth.Duncan Kelly - 2006 - History of Political Thought 27 (3):505-542.
    In January 1867 T.H. Green gave a series of Four Lectures on the English Commonwealth to the Edinburgh Philosophical Institute, which were then published, on the testimony of 'competent judges', in the third volume of his Collected Works edited by R.L. Nettleship. Green's family background ensured that he had strong interests in the history of Puritanism and the figure of Oliver Cromwell, and he was thoroughly immersed in many of the political and religious controversies of the later quarter of the (...)
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  3. Fire and Forget: A Moral Defense of the Use of Autonomous Weapons in War and Peace.Duncan MacIntosh - 2021 - In Jai Galliott, Duncan MacIntosh & Jens David Ohlin (eds.), Lethal Autonomous Weapons: Re-Examining the Law and Ethics of Robotic Warfare. New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 9-23.
    Autonomous and automatic weapons would be fire and forget: you activate them, and they decide who, when and how to kill; or they kill at a later time a target you’ve selected earlier. Some argue that this sort of killing is always wrong. If killing is to be done, it should be done only under direct human control. (E.g., Mary Ellen O’Connell, Peter Asaro, Christof Heyns.) I argue that there are surprisingly many kinds of situation where this is false and (...)
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  4. Ideal Moral Codes.Duncan MacIntosh - 1990 - Southern Journal of Philosophy 28 (3):389-408.
    Ideal rule utilitarianism says that a moral code C is correct if its acceptance maximizes utility; and that right action is compliance with C. But what if we cannot accept C? Rawls and L. Whitt suggest that C is correct if accepting C maximizes among codes we can accept; and that right action is compliance with C. But what if merely reinforcing a code we can't accept would maximize? G. Trianosky suggests that C is correct if reinforcing it maximizes; and (...)
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  5.  7
    Lublin Thomism.Roger Duncan - 1987 - The Thomist 51 (2):307-324.
    In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:LUBLIN THOMISM 1 THE TEXTS of the philosophers associated with the Catholic University of Lublin, thanks to the tireless work and energy of an editorial board under bhe direction and support of Marie Lescoe, are at last appearing in English.2 'Dhe Lublin school is Thomist in inspiration and avowed adherence. It is Thomist, however, in a manner which makes liberal use of the works of Continental philosophers in the (...)
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  6.  94
    Peirce's Theory of Signs.T. L. Short - 2007 - New York: Cambridge University Press.
    In this book, T. L. Short corrects widespread misconceptions of Peirce's theory of signs and demonstrates its relevance to contemporary analytic philosophy of language, mind and science. Peirce's theory of mind, naturalistic but nonreductive, bears on debates of Fodor and Millikan, among others. His theory of inquiry avoids foundationalism and subjectivism, while his account of reference anticipated views of Kripke and Putnam. Peirce's realism falls between 'internal' and 'metaphysical' realism and is more satisfactory than either. His pragmatism is not verificationism; (...)
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  7. The Greatest Happiness Principle*: T. L. S. Sprigge.T. L. S. Sprigge - 1991 - Utilitas 3 (1):37-51.
    My purpose in what follows is not so much to defend the basic principle of utilitarianism as to indicate the form of it which seems most promising as a basic moral and political position. I shall take the principle of utility as offering a criterion for two different sorts of evaluation: first, the merits of acts of government, social policies, and social institutions, and secondly, the ultimate moral evaluation of the actions of individuals. I do not take it as implying (...)
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  8. A. J. Ayer: An Appreciation: T. L. S. Sprigge.T. L. S. Sprigge - 1990 - Utilitas 2 (1):1-11.
    As the editor noted in the last number Freddie Ayer, or Professor Sir Alfred Ayer, played a considerable part in launching the vast enterprise of the Bentham edition. It is fitting, therefore, that something be said in Utilitas about his achievement as a philosopher and the extent to which he falls within the same broad empiricist and utilitarian tradition to which Bentham and J. S. Mill belonged.
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  9. The Relation between Jeremy Bentham's Psychological, and his Ethical, Hedonism: T. L. S. Sprigge.T. L. S. Sprigge - 1999 - Utilitas 11 (3):296-319.
    The relationship between Bentham's ‘enunciative principle’ and his ‘censorial principle’ is famously problematic. The problem's solution is that each person has an overwhelming interest in living in a community in which they, like others, are liable to punishment for behaviour condemned by the censorial principle either by the institutions of the state or by the tribunal of public opinion. The senses in which Bentham did and did not think everyone selfish are examined, and a less problematic form of psychological hedonism (...)
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  10.  59
    Skepticism and Information.Eric T. Kerr & Duncan Pritchard - 2012 - In Hilmi Demir (ed.), Philosophy of Engineering and Technology Volume 8. Springer.
    Philosophers of information, according to Luciano Floridi (The philosophy of information. Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2010, p 32), study how information should be “adequately created, processed, managed, and used.” A small number of epistemologists have employed the concept of information as a cornerstone of their theoretical framework. How this concept can be used to make sense of seemingly intractable epistemological problems, however, has not been widely explored. This paper examines Fred Dretske’s information-based epistemology, in particular his response to radical epistemological (...)
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  11.  13
    Charles Peirce and Modern Science.T. L. Short - 2022 - New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
    In this book, T. L. Short places the notorious difficulties of Peirce's important writings in a more productive light, arguing that he wrote philosophy as a scientist, by framing conjectures intended to be refined or superseded in the inquiries they initiate. He argues also that Peirce held that the methods and metaphysics of modern science are amended as inquiry progresses, making metaphysics a branch of empirical knowledge. Additionally, Short shows that Peirce's scientific work expanded empiricism on empirical grounds, grounding his (...)
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  12.  18
    The Rational Foundations of Ethics.T. L. S. Sprigge - 1989 - Philosophy 64 (247):113-114.
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  13. Income and Quality of Life: Does the Love of Money Make a Difference?T. L. P. Tang - 2007 - Journal of Business Ethics 72 (4):375-393.
    This paper examines a model of income and quality of life that controls the love of money, job satisfaction, gender, and marital status and treats employment status (full-time versus part-time), income level, and gender as moderators. For the whole sample, income was not significantly related to quality of life when this path was examined alone. When all variables were controlled, income was negatively related to quality of life. When (1) the love of money was negatively correlated to job satisfaction and (...)
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  14.  40
    Random walks on semantic networks can resemble optimal foraging.Joshua T. Abbott, Joseph L. Austerweil & Thomas L. Griffiths - 2015 - Psychological Review 122 (3):558-569.
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  15.  12
    Behavior and Its Causes: Philosophical Foundations of Operant Psychology.T. L. Smith - 2013 - Springer Verlag.
    This series will include monographs and collections of studies devoted to the investigation and exploration of knowledge, information, and data-processing systems of all kinds, no matter whether human, (other) animal, or machine. Its scope is intended to span the full range of interests from classical problems in the philosophy of mind and philosophical psychology through issues in cognitive psychology and sociobiology (concerning the mental capabilities of other species) to ideas related to artificial intelligence and computer science. While primary emphasis will (...)
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  16.  18
    Review of T. L. S. Sprigge: The Rational Foundations of Ethics[REVIEW]T. L. S. Sprigge - 1990 - Ethics 100 (3):671-672.
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  17.  45
    9 The Development of Peirce's Theory of Signs.T. L. Short - 2004 - In Cheryl Misak (ed.), The Cambridge companion to Peirce. New York: Cambridge University Press. pp. 214.
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  18.  11
    T. H. Green and the Eternal Consciousness.T. L. S. Sprigge - 2006 - In The God of Metaphysics. Oxford, GB: Clarendon Press.
    This chapter examines the philosophy of T. H. Green, the initial leading figure among the absolute idealists who dominated British philosophy in the late 19th century. Green sought to establish that the existence and nature of human beings, especially of the human mind, was not susceptible of a purely empirical or scientific explanation. He claimed that the only possible explanation involved reference to the existence of an Eternal Consciousness, which was gradually realizing itself in the temporal world, more especially in (...)
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  19.  30
    The Puzzle of Experience.T. L. S. Sprigge - 1995 - Philosophical Quarterly 45 (178):125-127.
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  20. Did Peirce Have a Cosmology?T. L. Short - 2010 - Transactions of the Charles S. Peirce Society 46 (4):521-543.
    W. B. Gallie's words about Peirce's cosmology—"the black sheep or white elephant of his philosophical progeny" (1952, p. 216)—have often been quoted, usually as a preface to giving a better account of the animal. That he attributed the view to 'contemporary philosophers' and did not assert it himself has usually been ignored. True, Gallie did argue that the "cosmology is a failure, and an inevitable failure" (p. 236), but he also said that Peirce himself "recognized … that his work in (...)
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  21.  47
    Semeiosis and Intentionality.T. L. Short - 1981 - Transactions of the Charles S. Peirce Society 17 (3):197 - 223.
  22.  60
    Libertarianism and Personal Autonomy.T. L. Zutlevics - 2001 - Southern Journal of Philosophy 39 (3):461-471.
  23. Relational selves, personal autonomy and oppression.T. L. Zutlevics - 2002 - Philosophia 29 (1-4):423-436.
  24.  74
    Empiricism Expanded.T. L. Short - 2015 - Transactions of the Charles S. Peirce Society 51 (1):1.
    Two aspects of Peirce’s mature philosophy seem to me not to have been sufficiently appreciated. They are its empiricist method and its continuity with his scientific research. The research led to and justified the method.1Ground must be cleared before we can proceed. Simplistic ideas of the empirical must be swept aside and Peirce’s empiricism accurately identified. We must also distinguish two theories of meaning that have been associated with empiricist philosophies and show that Peirce combined them ; this will be (...)
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  25.  38
    Life among the Legisigns.T. L. Short - 1982 - Transactions of the Charles S. Peirce Society 18 (4):285 - 310.
  26.  45
    VIII*—Intrinsic Connectedness.T. L. S. Sprigge - 1988 - Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society 88 (1):129-146.
    T.L.S. Sprigge; VIII*—Intrinsic Connectedness, Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society, Volume 88, Issue 1, 1 June 1988, Pages 129–146, https://doi.org/10.1093/.
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  27. James & Bradley: American Truth and British Reality.T. L. Sprigge - 1995 - Transactions of the Charles S. Peirce Society 31 (1):205-218.
     
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  28.  46
    Interpreting Peirce's Interpretant: A Response To Lalor, Liszka, and Meyers.T. L. Short - 1996 - Transactions of the Charles S. Peirce Society 32 (4):488 - 541.
  29.  53
    Teleology in Nature.T. L. Short - 1983 - American Philosophical Quarterly 20 (4):311 - 320.
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  30. Rhythm.T. L. Bolton - 1894 - Philosophical Review 3:226.
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  31. Hypostatic Abstraction in Self-Consciousness.T. L. Short - 1997 - In Paul Forster & Jacqueline Brunning (eds.), The Rule of Reason: The Philosophy of C.S. Peirce. University of Toronto Press. pp. 289-308.
     
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  32.  40
    Peirce on the Aim of Inquiry: Another Reading of "Fixation".T. L. Short - 2000 - Transactions of the Charles S. Peirce Society 36 (1):1 - 23.
  33. The Works of Archimedes.T. L. Heath - 1955 - British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 5 (20):355-356.
     
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  34. Methods and principles in biomedical ethics.T. L. Beauchamp - 2003 - Journal of Medical Ethics 29 (5):269-274.
    The four principles approach to medical ethics plus specification is used in this paper. Specification is defined as a process of reducing the indeterminateness of general norms to give them increased action guiding capacity, while retaining the moral commitments in the original norm. Since questions of method are central to the symposium, the paper begins with four observations about method in moral reasoning and case analysis. Three of the four scenarios are dealt with. It is concluded in the “standard” Jehovah’s (...)
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  35.  43
    Mr. T. W. Allen on Agar's Homerica.T. L. Agar - 1910 - Classical Quarterly 4 (01):58-.
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  36. The Unreality of Time.T. L. S. Sprigge - 1992 - Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society 92 (1):1-20.
  37.  47
    Metaphysics, physicalism, and animal rights.T. L. S. Sprigge - 1979 - Inquiry: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Philosophy 22 (1-4):101 – 143.
    As ethical attitudinists say, ethical statements cannot be strictly true or false, since they express wishes or attitudes, not beliefs. However, the wishes expressed by basic moral judgments about human rights are such that it is a necessary truth that those who know what human beings are have them, and those who do not acknowledge these rights show their lack of a living sense of human reality. The same goes for basic judgments about the rights of animals, and it is (...)
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  38.  42
    Non-human rights: An idealist perspective.T. L. S. Sprigge - 1984 - Inquiry: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Philosophy 27 (1-4):439 – 461.
    The question whether an entity has rights is identified with that as to whether an intrinsic value resides in it which imposes obligations to foster it on those who can appreciate this value. There should be no difficulty in granting that animals have rights in this sense, but what of other natural objects and artifacts? It seems that various inanimate things, such as fine buildings and forests, often possess such intrinsic value, yet since they can only be fully actual in (...)
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  39.  44
    Peirce's Concept of Final Causation.T. L. Short - 1981 - Transactions of the Charles S. Peirce Society 17 (4):369 - 382.
  40.  29
    Was Peirce a Weak Foundationalist?T. L. Short - 2000 - Transactions of the Charles S. Peirce Society 36 (4):503 - 528.
  41.  40
    Peirce on Science and Philosophy.T. L. Short - 2008 - Philosophical Topics 36 (1):259-277.
  42.  32
    Idealism.T. L. S. Sprigge - 2002 - In Richard M. Gale (ed.), The Blackwell Guide to Metaphysics. Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell. pp. 219–241.
    This chapter contains sections titled: Definition of Idealism Main Idealist Thinkers Absolute Idealism Vindicated (1) Phenomenalism (2) The Physical World as Imaginative Construction (3) The Purely Structural View of the Physical World (4) Panpsychism.
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  43. (1 other version)Santayana.T. L. S. Sprigge (ed.) - 1974 - New York: Routledge.
    This classic study of Santayana was the first book to appear in the _Arguments of the Philosophers_ series. Growing interest in the work of this important American philosopher has prompted this new edition of the book complete with a new preface by the author reassessing his own ideas about Santayana and reflecting the new interest in the philosopher's work. A select bibliography of works published about Santayana since the book's first appearance is also included.
     
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  44.  21
    The ductile-brittle transition in ionic solids.T. L. Johnston, R. J. Stokes & C. H. Li - 1959 - Philosophical Magazine 4 (48):1316-1324.
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  45.  38
    Crack nucleation in magnesium oxide bi-crystals under compression.T. L. Johnston, R. J. Stokes & C. H. Li - 1962 - Philosophical Magazine 7 (73):23-34.
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  46.  45
    Could providing financial incentives to research participants be ultimately self-defeating?T. L. Zutlevics - 2016 - Research Ethics 12 (3):137-148.
    Controversy over providing financial incentives to research participants has a long history and remains an issue of contention in both current discussions about research ethics and for institutional review bodies/human research ethics committees which are charged with the responsibility of deciding whether such incentives fall within ethical guidelines. The arguments both for and against financial incentives have been well aired in the literature. A point of agreement for many is that inducement in the form of financial incentive is permissible when (...)
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  47. A utilitarian reply to dr. McCloskey.T. L. S. Sprigge - 1965 - Inquiry: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Philosophy 8 (1-4):264 – 291.
    A theory of punishment should tell us not only when punishment is permissible but also when it is a duty. It is not clear whether McCloskey's retributivism is supposed to do this. His arguments against utilitarianism consist largely in examples of punishments unacceptable to the common moral consciousness but supposedly approved of by the consistent utilitarian. We remain unpersuaded to abandon our utilitarianism. The examples are often fanciful in character, a point which (pace McCloskey) does rob them of much of (...)
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  48.  10
    Diophantos of Alexandria: A Study in the History of Greek Algebra.T. L. Heath - 2014 - Cambridge University Press.
    The Greek mathematician Diophantos of Alexandria lived during the third century CE. Apart from his age, very little else is known about his life. Even the exact form of his name is uncertain, and only a few incomplete manuscripts of his greatest work, Arithmetica, have survived. In this impressive scholarly investigation, first published in 1885, Thomas Little Heath meticulously presents what can be gleaned from Greek, Latin and Arabic sources, and guides the reader through the algebraist's idiosyncratic style of mathematics, (...)
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  49.  20
    Response to Critics.T. L. Short - 2024 - Transactions of the Charles S. Peirce Society 59 (4):432-455.
    This response to a variety of criticisms of _Charles Peirce and Modern Science_ restates and attempts to clarify and explain major themes of the book.
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  50.  44
    Mensuração e Filosofia.T. L. Short - 2008 - Cognitio 9 (1):111-124.
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